Antioxidant 1035 is a sulfur-containing, hindered phenolic antioxidant designed to protect polymers and other organic materials from thermo-oxidative degradation during processing and service. It is especially associated with polyethylene wire and cable compounds, where processing stability, long-term heat resistance, low color and good compatibility are important. In practical formulation work, Antioxidant 1035 can help reduce oxidation-driven changes in polymer properties and support more consistent processing, while the final dosage and stabilizer package should always be validated for the specific resin, process and end-use requirement.
| Item | Practical Summary |
| Antioxidant type | Sulfur-containing primary phenolic antioxidant and heat stabilizer |
| CAS number | 41484-35-9 |
| Typical appearance | White to off-white powder; some commercial forms are granulated |
| Key strengths | Processing stabilization, long-term thermal stability, low color, low volatility and good system compatibility |
| Core application | Polyethylene wire and cable resins, including formulations that require strong thermo-oxidative protection |
| Other relevant uses | Hot-melt and solvent-borne adhesives; other polymers or organic substrates when supported by supplier data and formulation testing |
| Typical reference use level | About 0.1-1.0% in supplier guidance, with optimization by laboratory trials |
Product Overview
What Is Antioxidant 1035?
Antioxidant 1035 is commonly identified by CAS No. 41484-35-9 and the chemical name thiodiethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]. Its molecular structure contains hindered phenolic groups together with a sulfur-containing linkage. This design makes it a multifunctional stabilizer for formulations exposed to heat and oxygen during melt processing or long-term use.
The primary phenolic functionality acts as a radical scavenger. During oxidation, polymer chains can form free radicals that continue a degradation cycle and gradually affect molecular weight, mechanical properties, appearance and processing behavior. A hindered phenolic antioxidant interrupts this radical chain reaction by donating hydrogen to reactive radical species, forming a more stable antioxidant-derived radical instead of allowing the polymer degradation cycle to continue.
This mechanism is particularly valuable during extrusion, compounding, molding and other high-temperature operations. The stabilizer does not make an unsuitable resin or poorly controlled process acceptable on its own; rather, it is one element of a broader stabilization strategy that may also include secondary antioxidants, light stabilizers, processing aids, fillers or other functional additives.
Read more: What Are Polymer Antioxidants? A Complete Industrial Guide
Why Antioxidant 1035 Is Important in Polymer Processing
Heat, oxygen and mechanical shear can accelerate polymer oxidation. When oxidation becomes significant, processors may observe viscosity drift, gel formation, discoloration or deterioration in physical properties. Antioxidant 1035 is used to limit this thermo-oxidative damage so that the polymer can retain its intended performance more effectively during manufacturing and throughout service life.
In wire and cable compounds, formulation control is particularly important because the polymer must provide consistent electrical and mechanical performance after extrusion and, in some systems, after crosslinking. Antioxidant 1035 has a long history of use in polyethylene wire and cable stabilization because it combines processing protection with long-term heat stability and is available in grades intended to minimize concerns associated with micro-contaminants.
Technical Features
Chemical and Physical Profile
The exact sales specification depends on the manufacturer and grade, so purchase decisions should always be based on the supplier technical data sheet and certificate of analysis. However, current reference data for a leading commercial grade provide a useful picture of the typical technical profile of Antioxidant 1035.
| Property | Typical Reference |
| Chemical name | Thiodiethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] |
| CAS number | 41484-35-9 |
| Molecular weight | Approximately 643 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder or granules, depending on grade |
| Assay | Typically at least 98% for the referenced commercial grade |
| Melting range | Approximately 64.5-78.0 C for the referenced grade |
| Volatiles | Typically not more than 0.5% for the referenced grade |
| Water solubility | Very low; reference solubility is below 0.01 g/100 g solution at 20 C |
Note: These are typical reference values, not universal specifications. Confirm the current TDS and COA for the grade being purchased.
Processing Stabilization and Long-Term Heat Stability
One of the most important technical features of Antioxidant 1035 is the combination of processing stabilization and long-term thermal protection. Polymer degradation can begin during production, before the finished article ever reaches service. By reducing radical-driven oxidation during melt processing, the antioxidant helps preserve the polymer condition that is carried into the final product.
Long-term stabilization becomes important when the finished polymer is expected to operate at elevated temperature or maintain properties over extended service. This does not mean that one antioxidant provides unlimited heat resistance. Actual lifetime depends on resin chemistry, antioxidant concentration, oxygen exposure, temperature, part geometry, stress, pigments and fillers, contact media and the presence of other stabilizers.
Read more: Antioxidant 1024 | Industrial Applications Explained
Low Color, Compatibility and Volatility
Color stability is a practical concern in many polymer and adhesive applications. Antioxidant 1035 is valued for low color and non-staining or non-discoloring behavior in suitable formulations. This makes it relevant where the stabilizer must protect the material without creating an unacceptable visual change.
Compatibility is equally important. An antioxidant must remain sufficiently dispersed and compatible with the polymer or organic substrate to provide effective protection. Commercial Antioxidant 1035 grades are positioned for strong system compatibility and relatively low volatility. Low volatility can be useful in high-temperature processing because it reduces the tendency of the additive to be lost from the formulation through evaporation or processing exposure.
Resistance to extraction is another useful feature in applications where the material may contact oils, fluids or other media. Nevertheless, extraction behavior is formulation-dependent, so the complete compound should be tested under the actual conditions expected in service.
Applications
Polyethylene Wire and Cable Compounds
Polyethylene wire and cable resins are among the best-established applications for Antioxidant 1035. The stabilizer is used to protect polyethylene against thermo-oxidative degradation during extrusion and subsequent service. In cable insulation and jacketing systems, consistent processing and long-term retention of mechanical properties can be critical to product quality.
For chemically cross-linked polyethylene systems, antioxidant selection must also consider the peroxide crosslinking process. A stabilizer that interacts unfavorably with the crosslinking chemistry can affect processing or final network formation. Commercial wire-and-cable grades of Antioxidant 1035 are specifically positioned for this area and are used because they can provide strong stabilization without creating the same level of concern over undesirable interaction with the peroxide system that some alternative additives may present.
The actual formulation should still be qualified through extrusion trials, crosslinking evaluation and finished-cable testing. Electrical properties, elongation retention, tensile performance, aging behavior, gel content and cleanliness requirements may all be relevant depending on the cable standard and design.
Hot-Melt and Solvent-Borne Adhesives
Antioxidant 1035 is also used in adhesive formulations, particularly hot-melt and solvent-borne systems. Hot-melt adhesives are exposed to elevated temperatures during melting, application and sometimes prolonged residence in heated equipment. Oxidation during these stages can contribute to viscosity changes, color development, skinning, char formation or loss of adhesive performance.
A suitable antioxidant package helps protect the resin, tackifier, polymer or other organic components from oxidative degradation. Antioxidant 1035 can be used alone in some formulations or combined with other stabilizers when the system requires broader protection. Compatibility, color target, processing temperature, residence time and regulatory requirements should be considered before finalizing the formulation.
Read more: How to Choose the Right Antioxidant for Your Polymer
Other Polymer and Industrial Uses
Depending on supplier grade and technical approval, Antioxidant 1035 may also be evaluated in other polyolefins, elastomers, polyurethane-related systems, styrenic materials and selected organic substrates. These broader applications should not be treated as automatic drop-in uses. The stabilizer concentration, solubility, migration behavior and interaction with other ingredients can differ significantly from one formulation to another.
For industrial buyers, the key point is to match the additive to the processing problem rather than choosing only by antioxidant number. A polyethylene cable compound, a hot-melt adhesive and an elastomer formulation may all require oxidation control, but the optimal antioxidant package can be different because each system has its own temperature profile, oxygen exposure, compatibility limits and end-use conditions.
| Application | Why 1035 Is Considered | Key Validation Point |
| PE wire and cable | Processing stability and long-term thermo-oxidative protection | Extrusion, crosslinking, cleanliness and aging performance |
| Hot-melt adhesives | Protection during repeated or prolonged heating | Viscosity, color, char formation and adhesive performance |
| Solvent-borne adhesives | Oxidation control with good substrate compatibility | Solubility, color and storage stability |
| Other polymers | Potential use where phenolic heat stabilization is needed | Supplier approval, dosage, compatibility and migration testing |
Recommended Use and Formulation Considerations
Supplier guidance for a current commercial Antioxidant 1035 grade indicates a normal use range of approximately 0.1-1.0%, while noting that higher concentrations may be used depending on the substrate, processing conditions and final performance requirements. This range should be treated as a starting point for formulation work, not as a universal dosage recommendation.
The best concentration is normally established through laboratory screening followed by pilot or production-scale trials. A lower dosage may be sufficient in a mildly processed formulation, while a demanding cable compound or high-temperature adhesive may need a more robust stabilization system. More antioxidant is not automatically better; excessive additive can increase cost, affect compatibility or create migration and regulatory concerns.
Antioxidant 1035 may also be combined with other antioxidants. In many polymer systems, a primary phenolic antioxidant is paired with a secondary antioxidant such as a phosphite to address different stages of the oxidation cycle. The exact combination and ratio should be optimized experimentally because resin type, extrusion temperature, regrind content, fillers, pigments and service temperature can change the required stabilization balance.
Benefits
Improved Processing Stability
The most immediate benefit of Antioxidant 1035 is better protection against oxidation during processing. By interrupting radical reactions, it helps limit degradation that can otherwise contribute to melt instability, unwanted viscosity changes and deterioration of the polymer before the product is even placed into service. This can support more consistent processing and more predictable finished-product properties.
Long-Term Thermal Protection
A second major benefit is long-term heat stability. For components expected to operate for extended periods, preserving molecular structure is essential to retaining mechanical performance. Antioxidant 1035 helps delay thermo-oxidative aging, particularly when it is used at an optimized dosage and as part of a well-designed stabilization package.
Low Color and Non-Staining Performance
In applications where appearance matters, low color is an important practical advantage. Antioxidant 1035 is designed to provide stabilization with limited discoloration and is described in commercial technical literature as non-staining and non-discoloring. This can be useful in light-colored polymers, adhesives and systems where visual consistency is part of the product specification.
Good System Compatibility
A stabilizer must be compatible with the formulation to work effectively. Good system compatibility helps the antioxidant disperse properly and remain available where oxidation occurs. This is particularly important in formulations containing multiple resins, tackifiers, fillers, pigments or other additives. The low volatility and extraction resistance associated with Antioxidant 1035 can further support additive retention, although real-world performance should always be verified in the finished compound.
Flexible Use in Stabilizer Packages
Antioxidant 1035 can be used alone in selected applications or incorporated into a broader additive package. This flexibility allows formulators to combine radical-scavenging protection with secondary antioxidants, light stabilizers or other functional additives when the application requires more comprehensive protection. For buyers, this means the product can be evaluated not only as a standalone antioxidant but also as one component in a tailored stabilization system.
How to Select an Antioxidant 1035 Grade
Industrial purchasing should focus on more than price per kilogram. The grade must be technically consistent with the application and processing environment. A practical supplier evaluation should review the current TDS, COA format, product form, purity, melting behavior, volatility, color or solution clarity, particle size where relevant, packaging, storage guidance and lot-to-lot consistency.
Wire and cable manufacturers may also need to evaluate contamination control and granule or powder handling behavior. Adhesive producers may focus more heavily on solubility, color, thermal aging and compatibility with resins and tackifiers. In all cases, a production trial is preferable before a new supplier or grade is approved for commercial use.
Practical Evaluation Checklist
- Confirm CAS No. 41484-35-9 and the exact chemical identity on the TDS and SDS.
- Compare assay, appearance, melting range, volatility and any application-specific specification limits.
- Check whether the supplied form is powder or granules and whether it fits the dosing and feeding system.
- Review supplier recommendations for the target polymer, adhesive or wire-and-cable application.
- Run laboratory aging and processing tests at more than one dosage level.
- Evaluate the antioxidant together with the complete additive package rather than in isolation.
- Confirm applicable regulatory, food-contact, electrical or customer-specific requirements before commercial use.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Antioxidant 1035 used for?
Antioxidant 1035 is used to protect polymers and other organic materials from thermo-oxidative degradation. Its best-established uses include polyethylene wire and cable compounds and selected adhesive systems, especially where processing stability and long-term heat resistance are important.
Is Antioxidant 1035 a primary or secondary antioxidant?
It is generally classified as a sulfur-containing primary phenolic antioxidant. Its hindered phenolic groups act as radical scavengers. The molecule also contains sulfur, giving it a multifunctional structure, but formulators may still combine it with a dedicated secondary antioxidant when broader stabilization is needed.
What is the CAS number of Antioxidant 1035?
The CAS number commonly associated with Antioxidant 1035 is 41484-35-9.
Can Antioxidant 1035 be used in polyethylene?
Yes. Polyethylene, especially wire and cable resin, is one of the main application areas for Antioxidant 1035. The final concentration should be validated against the PE grade, extrusion conditions, crosslinking system and required aging performance.
What is a typical dosage of Antioxidant 1035?
A current commercial technical reference indicates a normal usage range of about 0.1-1.0%. The optimum dosage can be lower or higher depending on the substrate and application, so laboratory trials are necessary before setting a production formula.
Can Antioxidant 1035 be combined with Antioxidant 168?
It can be evaluated with secondary antioxidants such as phosphites when the formulation benefits from complementary protection mechanisms. The ratio should be optimized for the resin, temperature profile and required long-term performance rather than selected from a fixed universal formula.
What should buyers check before purchasing Antioxidant 1035?
Buyers should verify chemical identity, assay, appearance, melting behavior, volatility, product form, packaging, storage conditions and supplier consistency. For critical applications such as wire and cable, qualification testing and lot-specific COA review are especially important.
Conclusion
Antioxidant 1035 is a versatile sulfur-containing phenolic stabilizer with particular value in polyethylene wire and cable resins and selected adhesive systems. Its combination of processing stabilization, long-term thermal protection, low color, low volatility, extraction resistance and good compatibility makes it a useful option when thermo-oxidative degradation must be controlled without compromising formulation performance.
The most important step is correct application matching. Technical data should be treated as a starting point, while the final dosage and antioxidant combination should be confirmed through laboratory and production testing. When grade consistency, application fit and the complete stabilization package are properly evaluated, Antioxidant 1035 can support more stable processing and better retention of polymer properties over time.
